Clinical boundarySchedule I in the U.S.Serious cardiac riskNot FDA-approvedNo dosing or referralsSchedule I · cardiac riskNot FDA-approved · no referrals
Evidence
Traumatic brain injury
LAST REVIEWED 2026-06-30 · 815 SOURCES · 0 CORRECTIONS
A 30-person veteran prospective observational study and later neurophysiology work drew attention and require side-by-side design-limit explanation.
Confidence: LowSource type: Study
Evidence level
Limited observational evidence
Sample sizes
The best-known Nature Medicine report involved 30 male special operations veterans.
Design quality
Open-label observational data can generate hypotheses but cannot establish broad efficacy.
Outcomes
Disability, cognition, PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety, sleep, and quality of life are separate outcomes.
Limitations
Small sample, male veteran population, Mexico treatment setting, concurrent supports, selection effects, and short follow-up.
Safety signals
Screening, cardiac monitoring, magnesium context, psychiatric history, and follow-up.
What is not proven
Ibogaine is not proven as a general TBI treatment.
Best next source
Nature Medicine 2024 magnesium-Ibogaine veteran study and Nature Mental Health 2025 follow-up.
People and organizations in the veteran-TBI stream
Source-labeled records for the researchers, veterans, and organizations behind the veteran-TBI ibogaine coverage. Advocacy and philanthropy are kept separate from the open-label study evidence above.
PersonConfidence: Moderate
Veterans advocacy
Marcus and Amber Capone
The Capones are anchor figures in the veteran ibogaine and TBI story and founded the advocacy and philanthropy organization VETS.
Marcus Capone, a former U.S. Navy SEAL, and Amber Capone founded Veterans Exploring Treatment Solutions (VETS), which funds and advocates for veterans seeking psychedelic-assisted care abroad.
VETS is a repeatedly cited organization in the veteran-TBI ibogaine coverage stream and helped connect veterans to the studied treatment settings.
Their advocacy, philanthropy, and media presence are tracked separately from the observational study evidence.
Related searches: Marcus Capone · Amber Capone · VETS · Veterans Exploring Treatment Solutions
What this does not prove: Founder advocacy and philanthropy are not clinical evidence and do not establish that ibogaine treats TBI.
VETS drives veteran-focused advocacy, philanthropy, and media context around ibogaine and TBI.
Veterans Exploring Treatment Solutions (VETS), also referred to as VETS, is a nonprofit founded by Marcus and Amber Capone.
VETS supports veterans seeking psychedelic-assisted therapies and funds related research and travel, and it appears throughout the veteran ibogaine media record.
IbogaBase treats VETS material as advocacy and organizational context, separate from clinical-study evidence.
Related searches: VETS · Veterans Exploring Treatment Solutions
What this does not prove: Organizational advocacy and funding are not study evidence and do not establish efficacy or safety.
Williams is the visible Stanford researcher associated with the veteran magnesium-ibogaine TBI study stream.
Nolan Williams, a Stanford University psychiatrist, is the senior researcher associated with the 2024 Nature Medicine report on magnesium plus ibogaine in 30 special-operations veterans.
Stanford ibogaine work in this stream is open-label observational research, which can generate hypotheses but cannot establish broad efficacy.
His research profile is kept separate from endorsement or treatment access.
Related searches: Nolan Williams · Stanford ibogaine
What this does not prove: Association with a small open-label study does not establish that ibogaine is an effective or safe TBI treatment.